I struggled with this film. Its very good and very important but it is also quite bleak and I had to stop after every ten minutes and have a break. Which is exactly what people in the position of the characters can’t do. This is their life 24/7.
Capernaum is a Lebanese film and a giant step forward by director Nadine Labaki who ramps up the reality and the social commentaries here. Zain, is 11 or 12 and lives in a squalid downtown slum in Beirut. His father is a wastrel, drinking, sleeping and siring children he cant look after. His mother, (Kawsar Al Haddad) struggles to put food on the table and Zain does odd jobs in the neighbourhood and tries to keep the family together. When his father wants to sell his 11 year old sister to pay a debt, Zain hits the roof at the cynicism of his father and the passivity of his mother. He tries to run away with his sister but in the end she is sold into marriage and he ends up running away to a poor area near the coast and a tawdry fun fair. He is taken in by an Ethiopian woman who has overstayed her work visa and is doing odd jobs to try to pay for a new fake ID card. Rahil has a young son Yonas and Zain will look after the boy while she is at work. Well, she gets picked up by the authorities, Zain has to try to survive with the boy and no one knows what is going on. This is when we see just how so many people live such precarious lives today, battling to survive with a threadbare social fabric, abandonment by the state and precious little help or sympathy from those around. Labaki brings together all these strands clearly and coherently in this story, adding in domestic violence, drug and human trafficking, malnutrition, poverty, lack of education, you name it. As the camera zooms above the shanties of Beirut, miles of sheet iron roofs precariously weighted down by tyres we get to see just how many people live in urban squalor today, deprived of human rights and struggling to get by, not helped by the sharks that take advantage of them and are not controlled by the authorities. This is a clear picture of why so many people risk their lives to escape to Europe or the US. The church seems irrelevant in the film though people are seen praying to Mecca and only in the last few scenes, in a prison and in the court do we see a beleagured social welfare system and, one suspects, NGOs trying to give practical help. I’m not sure that a Christian singalong group visiting the prison does much to raise morale.
This film should be studied both in the first world to understand the reasons for migration but more importantly by those in power in Lebanon and other countries to show just how ineffective and corrupt these governments are. Will it change much? Sadly, I doubt it.
Zain Al Rafeea is excellent in the lead role and is well supported by the rest of the cast, mother ….. is also convincing. Labaki cast amateur actors from this world to make the film more authentic and indeed she has created the Capernaum (Chaos) of the title. Good photography and music, in short a sad film which Lebanon can be proud of cinematically.
♦♦♦♦++